Immune condition most common among people descended from the Punjab region of India
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Mom and Dad often misjudge child’s weight, studies find
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Researchers say it should be considered an independent risk factor for future heart trouble
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Study finds that most cases are first tended to at doctors’ offices, not hospital ERs
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Pay attention to air quality, researchers advise
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Women planning to become pregnant should wait 8 weeks if they or partner live in areas where infections are occurring
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Contrary to previous thinking, the habenula is less active during unpleasant experiences
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‘Vaping’ only replaces tobacco use for a small group of people, study finds
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Mosquitoes main source of transmission, but many don’t know virus can be spread through sex, HealthDay/Harris Poll finds
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Family activities, parenting duties often affected, survey finds
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NYC Can Enforce Menu Salt Warning Rule: Court /div
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Ask questions about taking medication and making lifestyle changes
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Symptoms to watch for
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Babies born prematurely with a very low birth weight have lower bone mass than those who are born full term with normal weights. ( Source: Thinkstock Images)
According to a new study, babies born prematurely may grow up to have weaker bones, which has also found that low birth weight plays a big role in developing osteoporosis.
“Our study shows that both those born prematurely with a very low birth weight and those who were born full term, but small for their gestational age, had lower bone mass than the control group, who were born full term with normal weights,” said Chandima Balasuriya from Norwegian University of Science and Technology.
Researchers had found that adults who were born full term but were small for their gestational age also had lower bone mass.These findings of the study are important since peak bone mass is a major determinant of future osteoporosis, they said.
Researchers also looked at 186 adults who were 26-28 years old.They found that 52 of the participants were very low
birth weight babies, with a mean birth weight of 1.2 kilogrammes, and a mean gestational age of 29 weeks.
Another 59 participants had been born to term, but were considered “small for gestational age”, with a mean birth
weight of just under 3 kilogrammes.
In addition,researchers also had a control group of 77 adults who were born at term with normal weight. For all the three groups, researchers measured bone mineral content and density in the spine, neck, hip and the whole body, and looked at current height and weight, smoking, level of physical activity and a variety of other measures.
When they looked at the data from adults who were born small for their gestational age at term, they found that this group had lower bone mass than adults who were born with normal weight at term.
However, when researchers corrected the bone mass measurement for the heights of this group, who tended to be shorter, they found that the low bone mass was partly due to their smaller body size.
In contrast, the body size alone did not account for the lower bone mass researchers found in adults who had been
pre-term babies.
“Ensuring that children with low birth weights have a diet rich in calcium, vitamin D and protein, in combination
with exercise that involves weight-bearing physical activities and may help reduce risk of bone fractures later in life,” said Balasuriya.
Overnight noise levels in intensive care units (ICU) often exceed levels recommended by the World Health Organization. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
According to a recent study, overnight noise levels in intensive care units (ICU) often exceed levels recommended by the World Health Organization.
As per the guidelines it says that ICUs should be just 35 decibels, the hushed tones of a traditional library, but reported sound levels in ICUs are significantly higher with average sound levels always exceeding 45 dBA and for 50 per cent of the time exceeding 52 dBA.
Following complaints from both patients and staff about the noise as been recorded and researchers from Jessa Ziekenhuis Hospital in Hasselt, Belgium measured noise levels in one 12 bed intensive care ward.
A sound level meter was placed bedside in a two-bed room as well as at the nursing station. Measurements were performed after a two week adjustment period to avoid potential bias from people being aware noise was being observed. Sound levels were continuously recorded for 24 hrs at each location.
Bedside, average sound levels were 52.8 dBA during the night and 54.6 dBA during the day. A total of 14 sound peaks above 80 dBA were recorded with the highest peak at 101.1 dBA. At the nursing station, average sound levels of 52.6 dBA at night time and 53.9 dBA at day time were recorded. Here, there were 11 peaks above 80 dBA with a maximum sound peak of 90.6 dBA. Those measurements were significantly above the WHO recommendations of 35 dBA average and 40 dBA peaks, but comparable with other ICU recordings.
Equipment noise, alarms, hospital machinery and staff activity could all have contributed to the noise, said the authors. “Since electronic sounds are more arousing than human voices, so it is highly likely that the peaks we measured are alarm activity,” explained Dr Eveline Claes.
She also added that the sound levels in our ICU clearly exceeded the WHO recommendations but are comparable with sound levels in other ICUs. Those elevated sound levels as well as frequent sound level peaks can be responsible for the subjective feeling of noise pollution experienced by patients, nurses and doctors. In our department, measures should be taken to reduce the average sound level and the incidence and magnitude of sound level peaks.
However, she noted that it is not easy to create an ICU without noise as we need the alarms to warn us about emergencies. Various programmes of staff education, task scheduling, equipment re-positioning and alarm threshold review have not lowered sound levels to within WHO-recommended levels.
“The practical solution at present seems to be earplugs or other ear defender devices for patients, although there may be opportunities in the future to modulate alerts through the use of smart alarm systems and to develop equipment that produces less noise,” Claes said.
The study has been presented at Euroanaesthesia 2016.
But experts say scientists are working to unearth genetic causes of autoimmune disorder
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Mental health problems among children present a health challenge for all societies, which are aggravated by a lack of knowledge about them among parents.
A study was carried out by doctors to find out the perception of child mental health problems among parents — and also their help-seeking behaviour— in an urban slum of Mumbai. A random sample of 257 respondents were interviewed for presence of mental health disorders. Parents of 38 children diagnosed with mental health disorders too were interviewed.
The study — titled “Study of perception and help-seeking behaviour among parents for their children with psychiatric disorder: a community-based, cross-sectional study” published in the The Journal of Medical Research — says 47.4 per cent of the parents perceived their children to be suffering from some psychiatric disorder. But only 10.5 per cent sought treatment voluntarily before the interview.
Depression does not lead to violent behaviour
Snoring: a sign of trouble in preschoolers?The major reasons for not seeking treatment were lack of awareness, no felt need and stigma attached to mental health. Additional barriers in the way of parents seeking professional help were worries about adolescents being diagnosed as having a mental health disorder, beliefs that adolescent problems could be resolved without seeking psychiatric help and lack of awareness about such treatment.
Perception of mental health problems — and seeking help — was higher among parents having a male child and among mothers with higher education. This is due to negligent behaviour of parents towards the girl child’s health problems, which is usually found in India especially in the lower socio-economic class, the study says.
Better perception of child mental health problems was also seen in families where fathers were employed and mothers were housewives. “Overall, the study found that parents’ perception and thereby help-seeking behaviour for child mental health problems is very limited especially if factors like female child, a large family size, low educational status of parents, unemployment and stressful environment is present in the family,” the report says.
‘Next-generation gene sequencing’ could speed up the time to a diagnosis, study suggests
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Vigilance a must around any swimming area, expert says
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Healthier habits related to exercise and diet could help many with the disorder, researcher says
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Exercise can promote joint flexibility
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Follow these steps to help you stay well
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Researchers found that heart attack patients with less pronounced arrhythmia had a higher risk of dying within the period of observation. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Minor irregularities in the heartbeat are indicative of a healthy body, scientists said at the Technical University of Munich. They have developed a new method of the correlating heartbeat with life expectancy.
While in the majority of earlier studies the full breathing cycle was correlated to the heart rate, the team now focused on exhaling and specifically on the moment when the heart rate would normally be reduced again.
“With our approach, you might say we are surgically selecting the moment when the decisive events take place”, one of the researchers, Georg Schmidt, said.
“Our method produces a far more specific picture of the functional condition of the body”, said Daniel Sinnecker, Primary Author of the study.
Within the framework of the study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, breathing cycles and heart beat rhythms of close on 950 heart attack patients were measured shortly after a heart attack.
The data was analysed to find respiratory sinus arrhythmia, which may be translated as a ‘breathing-induced irregularity in the sinus node, the bundle of nerve fibers controlling the heart beat’.
The test persons were re-examined every six months over a five-year period.
They found that heart attack patients with less pronounced arrhythmia had a higher risk of dying within the period of observation.
Examined persons with only minor arrhythmia were five times more at risk of dying over the five-year period than people with higher breathing-related fluctuations.
The researchers are confident that the new method may soon be widely applied in medical practice.
“We are quite close to the everyday application since, by and large, the development of the method is complete”, Schmidt said.
The technical hurdles are few since it is no longer necessary these days to measure breathing rate in addition to the heartbeat, a modern ECG unit would basically suffice, the researchers explained.
“Even the general practitioner could therefore within ten minutes record sinus arrhythmic activity”, Schmidt said.
The method may be fruitfully applied in more than 80 per cent of the cases, Schmidt noted.
“Irrespective of whether the examined patients had recently suffered a heart attack, it could be used in combination with other indicators to assess the health risk”, the researchers said.
Thorough and frequent application of sunblock is crucial, expert says
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Never pop a pimple, or constantly touch them. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Pimples are not just a hassle for teenagers or women but they also haunt metrosexual men. Keep yourself hydrated and don’t touch them to do away with pimples, says an expert.
Chandrika Mahindra, skin care expert, the Himalaya Drug Company, shares a few tips:
* Wash your face two to three times which will help in energising your skin and removing the dust particles, but don’t go overboard. Use men’s face wash regularly to clean your face. Products with natural ingredients are gentle and effective for fighting pimple problems.
* The best and the simplest way to keep your skin pimple free is by keeping yourself well hydrated. It helps in cleaning the tissues and clearing up the skin.
* Never pop the pimple or constantly touch them. It will only result in long-lasting scars.
* If you shave daily, then make sure to use a good quality electric shaver or razor. Soften your beard by using warm soapy water before using the shaving cream.
Author Shyam Bhat
It’s Saturday evening and Antisocial, the collaborative workspace in south Delhi’s Hauz Khas Village, right above its throbbing counterpart, Social, looks inviting. As the evening progresses, one of its quarters slowly fills up with people. There is a sudden hush as a man in his forties walks in, holding a microphone, and begins a conversation on love. Is this a social, a mixer? “I am a psychiatrist,” Shyam Bhat, 43, announces to the room, “We tend to analyse everything, including love.”
Bhat, who shot to fame with the Deepika Padukone interview — about her struggle with depression on a prime time news channel over a year ago — knows a thing or two about love. “Like everyone else, I also went through a heartbreak, and it was one of the pivotal events in my life,” he says. The Bangalore-based mental health professional has recently released his book, How to Heal Your Broken Heart (Juggernaut). To the cynic, the title may evoke a smirk. But Bhat is not one to trifle with the whimsies of the heart.
Born in New Zealand, Bhat spent his formative years in Libya and graduated with an MBBS from Bangalore Medical College in 1996. In school, he’d loved humanities a little more than science, which led him to study philosophy. “By the time I finished Class XII, I decided that of all the fields I could pursue, psychiatry was one that would allow me the privilege of working with people,” he says. When he was 23, life dealt him a blow when he found that his girlfriend was cheating on him. “I was traumatised and sad, and it took me some time to recover. At that time, I had just started training in psychiatry in the UK. I started to look into why people hurt so much. To be effective as a psychiatrist, the first mind you transcend is your own,” he says. In 1999, Bhat moved to the US where he completed a five-year combined residency program in internal medicine and psychiatry at the Southern Illinois University School of Medicine (SIU).
Ten years later, he’d quit his position as assistant professor in the medicine/psychiatry division at SIU and returned to India to join Manipal Hospital in Bangalore for the next six years. In 2010, he opened the Mind-Body clinic; two years later, he went live on radio, taking calls from people who sought help for depression, suicide and emotional negligence and abuse. “Initially, the radio show took time to take off, but soon we had callers who spoke different languages, and were not necessarily from urban centres. Sixty per cent of the questions were variants of heartbreak,” he says. “One of the things that I learned was that people are scared of going to a psychiatrist but they are willing to talk as long as they are anonymous and their identities confidential. It is a misconception that India is not interested in discussing psychological issues. Maybe, they didn’t have a platform or an opportunity before,” he says.
At Antisocial, Bhat is confronted with questions about love, loss, heartbreak and recovery. A man in the audience tells him how he tried to get over his ex-girlfriend by joining yoga and meditation. “I don’t want to feel anything,” he says. “Maybe that is the problem,” Bhat responds. Later on, the psychiatrist reveals why he wants to reach out to more people in India. “Fifty per cent of our population has the depression gene. In America, presently, the depression gene is 20 per cent of the population. Yet, they are more depressed than us, because they follow an unhealthy lifestyle. Today, we follow that lifestyle and we have the depression gene more than them,” he says.
A regular at educational institutions and TEDx events, Bhat lists what is killing us slowly, but surely — diet, lack of exercise, lack of exposure to sunlight, among others. But aspiration, he says, is the leading cause. “Wanting more and more, being defined by the things that you own, being isolated and wanting privacy to such an extent that you don’t have much intimacy with people anymore, is harming us,” he says.
In search of a solution, Bhat has looked east, especially to Vedanta, the Upanishads, the Gita and Buddhism. “I don’t think you can practice psychiatry without being a philosopher. Western philosophy, as compared to the eastern one, is very primitive. It doesn’t transfer from human to cosmic, to the universal,” he says. Bhat’s study of both the schools led him to construct his own psychotherapeutic method called the “integral self therapy”, which combines the practice of meditation, Vedanta philosophy along with existential therapies such as yoga, ayurveda. “All of these form my approach — mind, brain, body and the spirit. I see any disease and condition as an imbalance of all these factors,” he says. The “approach” is also shaping up into his next book.
As a practitioner in a country with a handful of therapists for thousands of patients, Bhat says there is a lot to be done. The first step towards it is to accept the field without any stigma. “Most people think psychiatry means some guy sitting in some pagal khana. I think there is a flaw in our medical system, especially in the field of mental health. First, people don’t know if you must go to a psychiatrist or a psychologist, for one. The difference is that a psychologist hasn’t done an MBBS, so they don’t know the diagnosis. Psychiatry is more and more only interested in the brain as a disease model. Secondly, and I think that many are doing this already, psychiatrists should be accessible, less technical.”
Since the Padukone interview, however, Bhat has witnessed a greater participation to talk about mental health in the public sphere. “Has India accepted this problem? No, we are not there yet. But Deepika’s interview made a huge change. The media is talking more about mental health issues, people are more open to it,” he says. Bhat is also a trustee at the actor’s Live Love Laugh Foundation in Bangalore.
Perhaps, it is time, then, that has brought forth his book, an accessible narrative that answers the questions that he has heard too many times in his lifetime. Romance, he says, is dying, and at a great cost. “Since when did becoming an adult mean you are cynical about love? Millions of people are walking around, wounded in their hearts,” he says.
Keep the fun going by cooking foods to the right temperatures
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Rodents exposed to phone radiation actually lived longer than unexposed animals, reviewers point out
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Discovering quinoa’s nutritional properties helps understand why it has been ascribed “supreme status”.
Quinoa has been a staple in the Andes region for almost 5,000 years. The Incas revered it and referred to it as the “mother grain”. A small seed, which looks like a hybrid of sesame seeds and millets, quinoa is not related to the grain family; in fact, cousin to spinach, it produces edible greens like amaranth greens, is hardy, needs little water and thrives in high altitude. The seeds are protected by a resin-like layer (saponin), which is bitter and toxic.
Commercially available quinoa is made edible after being cleaned with alkali. Traditionally, saponins were removed by laboratory hand scrubbing. Because it has been grown for centuries, several varieties of quinoa are available, depending on the region they originate.
Discovering quinoa’s nutritional properties helps understand why it has been ascribed “supreme status”. One of its most striking features is its exceptionally high protein (16-18 per cent) content and quality. Unlike, most conventional grains like wheat, rice and corn, which are low in lysine, quinoa contains a balanced set of essential amino acids, making it an unusually complete protein source among plant foods. Quinoa is also a good complement for legumes, which are often low in methionine and cystine. In addition, it is relatively a good source of dietary fibre, phosphorus, calcium, iron, vitamin E and several B vitamins. Quinoa is gluten-free and easy to digest.
Being a good source of magnesium, which helps relax blood vessels and prevents constriction and rebound dilation, it’s useful in combating migraine. It also protects the heart, is useful in controlling cravings and works as a comfort food.
A good source of complex carbohydrates, it has moderate glycemic index comparable to oats. It has a combination of soluble and insoluble fibres, which makes it suitable for heart patients, weight watchers, diabetics and hypertensives. In addition, its richness in quercetin (a powerful phyto-chemical antioxidant), also present in wine and onions, makes it particularly useful for hypertensives.
Quinoa may also be germinated to boost its nutritional value. Germination activates its natural enzymes, improves its vitamin status and softens the grain. Interestingly, quinoa has a short germination period of 2 to 4 hours, as opposed to other grains which require at least 12 to 14 hours overnight.
With its high nutritional value and health-promoting properties, quinoa has been referred to as a novel functional food. It has been recognised by the UN as a super crop. So far, its availability is limited and it tends to be a bit expensive. To derive the benefits of Quinoa, cook it as a cereal, use it as an alternative to rice or poha, add it to salads, casseroles, desserts or even thicken your soups, stews. Quinoa flour can be added to breads and flour mixes. It makes an excellent food for individuals with gluten sensitivity, irritable bowl syndrome and wheat intolerance.
Pennsylvania case suggests it’s almost ‘the end of the road’ for these drugs
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Warns consumers that mechanically tenderized beef can raise bacteria risk, so more careful cooking needed
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National Council on Skin Cancer Prevention reminds you to avoid unprotected sun exposure
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Cooking meat at high temperatures can release harmful chemicals, but a few precautions help, nutritionist says
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Researchers find the virus can replicate in immune cells
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Republican Congressman Says He Used Medical Marijuana Brain Scans Can Detect Hidden Consciousness in Patients FDA Extends Review of Muscular Dystrophy Drug
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Study suggests some kids don’t need daily dosing, but one expert worries the strategy might have risks
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Discussing your drink preferences and enjoying talking about it could build the risks to alcohol addiction. (Photo: Thinkstock Images)
Some people keep drinking because of the pleasure they derive when discussing their drink – like how it tastes, smells and looks, says an Indian-origin researcher, adding that like animals, humans can also be conditioned to associate environmental cues with rewards that can lead to an alcohol addiction.
“Alcohol addiction is compounded by our ability to learn about predictive cues”, said Lead Author Nadia Chaudhri from Canada’s Concordia University.
“Conditioned reactions to those cues can trigger behaviours that result in drinking, like reaching out for a beer”, she added.
The results, published in the journal Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, suggest that cues that predict alcohol can become highly desirable. Therefore, people may keep drinking because of the pleasure derived from our interactions with them.
Drinkers wishing to make a change in their habits should not just focus on the alcohol itself but on all the factors that surround alcohol consumption.
“Many people have specialised glassware for different kinds of drinks and strong preferences for what they drink”, Chaudhri explained.
These preferences could be driven by the sensory properties of alcohol, like its taste, smell and how it looks.
“It is important for people to realise that drinking alcohol is a complex behaviour and, in addition to what alcohol does to our brains, it also plays a role in regulating our behaviours”, she added.
For the study, the researchers worked with 25 lab rats who were conditioned to be associated with a specific cue with the presence of ethanol.
The researchers paired a visual cue with the ethanol so that rats would come to expect alcohol every time they saw that cue.
Eventually, when the cue was presented, rats approached the location where alcohol was about to be delivered. But after a time, they stopped performing this behaviour and instead began approaching and interacting with the cue.
It suggests that a cue that predicts alcohol can become highly desirable.
“Lots of our behaviours are governed by fundamental learning mechanisms that are also present in other animal species”, said Chaudhri.
“By modelling these behaviours in rats, we can better understand the factors that control how these behaviours are acquired and maintained in humans”, she added.
Women are at higher risks of developing vocal problems as compared to men. (Photo: Thinkstock Images)
Poor lung functioning is likely the reason behind voice fatigue, finds a new study aiming to investigate underlying risk factors for voice problems and gender differences in speech.
Vocal fatigue – hoarseness, vocal tiredness, muscle pain and lost or cracked notes – is a common complaint among teachers and one of the most debilitating conditions that can lead to vocal damage.
The findings showed that females face a significantly higher risk than men of developing long-term vocal problems.
“The study is the first to connect voice fatigue problems with gender-based physiological differences in lung functions, pointing to the respiratory function as a source of the gender inequality in voice problems”, said lead researcher Eric Hunter from the Michigan State University in the US.
The lung function of women in the amount of air they inhale and exhale was linked to getting voice fatigue.
Also, the higher incidence of prolonged problems among women has been associated with a number of gender differences including physiological differences in the laryngeal system, differences in the endocrine system and differences in pulmonary usage.
For the study, the team analysed 122 elementary and middle school faculty members (96 females, 26 males).
The teachers’ scores of vocal fatigue index – a standardised survey tool that can help identify individuals with vocal fatigue – were matched with the results of spirometry measures – a medical tool often used in vocal health clinics to measure how much air one inhales, and how much and how quickly one exhales.
The results showed that women weren’t able to inhale and exhale as much air as men.
The study supports the use of spirometers to be used as a vocal fatigue-screening device for teachers.
It can be a simple and low-cost tool that could aid caregivers in vocal health clinics in tailoring therapies for patients with low spirometer measures, the researchers noted.
The findings were presented at the 171th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA), held recently in Utah in the US.
Understand potential risks
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Keep pollutants out
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For women, a healthy marriage could lower the risk of developing diabetes but for men its the other way round. (Photo: Thinkstock Images)
An unhappy marriage may actually slow the development of diabetes in men and promote successful treatment once they do get the disease, suggests an interesting study.
It may be because wives are constantly regulating their husband’s health behaviours, especially if he is in poor health or diabetic.
And while this may improve the husband’s health, it also can be seen as annoying and provoke hostility and emotional distress.
“The study challenges the traditional assumption that negative marital quality is always detrimental to health”, said Lead Investigator Hui Liu, Associate Professor of sociology at Michigan State University in the US.
“It also encourages family scholars to distinguish different sources and types of marital quality. Sometimes, nagging is caring”, Liu said.
Diabetes requires frequent monitoring that the wives could be prodding the husband to do, boosting his health but also increasing marital strain over time.
Using data from the US National Social Life, Health and Aging Project, Liu and colleagues analysed survey results from 1,228 married respondents over five years.
At the onset of the study, the respondents were 57 to 85 years old – 389 had diabetes at the end of the study.
The researchers investigated the role of marital quality in diabetes risk and management and found two major gender differences.
The most surprising finding was that for men, an increase in negative marital quality lowered the risk of developing diabetes and increased the chances of managing the disease after its onset.
For women, a good marriage was related to a lower risk of being diabetic five years later. Women may be more sensitive than men to the quality of a relationship and thus more likely to experience a health boost from a good quality relationship, Liu said.
The findings appeared in the Journals of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences.
‘Menopause can increase the risk of developing sleep apnea, a potentially serious sleep disorder which can have negative effects on your health’, says a city doctor.
Sleep apnea begins with partial blockage of the upper airway and leads to pauses in breathing while sleeping.
As the condition aggravates, it takes the form of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in which the pauses in breathing become quite frequent, amounting to 100 times in a night.
The condition is most common in women and worsens in the post-menopause period as the phase marks the end of the reproductive period of a woman and brings about a lot of hormonal changes – physical and psychological – in them.
“The levels of estrogen and progesterone (hormones which protect the airways from collapsing) released in the body declines during menopause, as a result of which, women become more prone to contracting obstructive sleep apnea in this phase”, said Vivek Nangia, Director and HOD Pulmonology at Fortis Flt. Lt. Rajan Dhall Hospital, Vasant Kunj.
According to a recent study, 0.6 percent of women in their pre-menopausal stage suffered from OSA, while women in post-menopausal stage (who did not undergo the hormone replacement surgery) suffered from the same with a hike of 5.5 percent.
Further, OSA puts post-menopausal women at a high risk of developing high blood pressure and congestive heart failure. Such women usually remain awake at night and become lethargic as well as tend to fall asleep during the day.
In addition, the prolonged periods of uncomfortable, disturbed sleep cause tiredness, irritability and mood swings, which may also hamper their relationships.
“As many as 61 percent post-menopausal women reported symptoms of insomnia”, Nangia added.
Menopause also reduces the focus and attention span at work and may yield them unproductive. Symptoms of OSA in menopausal women include hot flushes, increased body temperatures and night sweats because of reduced levels of estrogen, loud snoring, choking in their sleep, dry mouth at night, frequent urination at night and grinding of teeth.
“It is important to educate everyone about the symptoms of OSA as it can go unnoticed and cause major medical complications later”, Nangia noted.
Various forms of treatment that are available for women with OSA include losing weight, avoiding alcohol four-six hours before going to bed.
Also, sleeping on sides rather than on the stomach or back can help in improving the situation.
“The most common medical treatment includes the use of nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) – a device to prevent the airways from collapsing at night and Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) – wherein estrogen and progesterone are artificially introduced into the body to help reduce OSA”, Nangia said.
Experts say steady dosing eliminates need to take medication daily to combat heroin, powerful painkillers
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Getting area wet before sutures or staples are removed doesn’t seem to raise infection risk, study finds
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Parent training helps prevent shaken baby syndrome, other forms of violence, experts agree
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Babies were more likely to get ear infections if they were fed pumped milk, study found
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Women cooking on chulah. (Photo: Flickr/llanosom)
Women in India who cook using fuels such as wood, crop residue and dried dung instead of cleaner fuels are more likely to have cataract, according to a new study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives on Thursday. The study, the largest of its kind, was conducted by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Aravind Eye Hospital and the All India Institute for Medical Sciences.
It found that Indian women who cook with biomass fuels were nearly 50 per cent more likely to have nuclear cataract (clouding of the lens in the nucleus leading to visual impairment) than those who use clean fuels such as gas. The associations were not observed for men, probably because cooking was almost exclusively done by women.
Vitamin C rich diet may slow down cataract
Strong link between indoor air pollution, TB in children: StudyThe study, funded by the Wellcome Trust, involved nearly 6,000 people aged 60 and above from randomly chosen villages and small towns in north and south India. Participants were interviewed on their use of cooking fuel and on a range of socio-economic and lifestyle factors. Then they underwent an eye examination. More than 40 per cent were found to have nuclear cataract.
After taking into account other risk factors, including indicators of poor nutrition, sun exposure, smoking and chewing tobacco, the researchers found that women who cooked with biomass fuels were 46 per cent more likely to have nuclear cataract compared to those who used gas. They found that cataracts were more likely with increasing length of time the women had used biomass fuels — from 50 per cent more likely for 20 years of use to 90 per cent after 30 years.
Behavior may matter even more when your DNA is working against you, research shows
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You’ll feel better and maybe even live longer, researcher says
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If you love to grill food on barbecue then beware! It can lead to injuries in the mouth,throat,tonsils and intestines.
Love to gorge on barbecued chicken? According to a new research, be careful as eating food cooked on grills cleaned with wire-bristle brushes can prove to be dangerous to your health.
Loose bristles can fall off the brush during cleaning and end up in the grilled food, which, if consumed, can lead to injuries in the mouth, throat and tonsils.
The most common injuries were found in patients’ like oral cavities, throats and tonsils, with some injuries requiring surgery.
“If the bristle passes through those regions without lodging itself, it could get stuck further downstream in places like the esophagus, stomach or the intestine. It can get stuck in the wall of the intestine, causing further internal damage,” said David Chang, associate professor of otolaryngology at the University of Missouri in the US.
The individuals need to inspect their food carefully after grilling or consider alternative grill-cleaning methods such as nylon-bristle brushes or balls of tin foil, the researchers suggested in the paper published in the journal Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery.
“Wire-bristle brush injuries are a potential consumer safety issue, so it is important that people, manufacturers and health providers be aware of the problem,” Chang added.
The research team identified more than 1,698 injuries from wire-bristle grill brushes reported in emergency rooms in the US between 2002 and 2014.
In addition, individuals need to be cautious when cleaning grills with wire-bristle brushes, examining brushes before each use and discarding if bristles are loose.
However, one also needs to inspect the grilled food carefully after cooking to make sure bristles are not stuck to the food, the authors noted.
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The rubbish at landfills release harmful gases on decomposing, which in turn when inhaled, hike the risks of lung cancer. (Photo: Thinkstock)
People living within five kilometres of a landfill site are at an increased risk of lung cancer and respiratory diseases, warns a new study.
The results showed that among residents living close to waste sites, mortality rate and hospitalisations were high due to lung cancer as well as respiratory diseases.
These were especially prominent in children, the researchers said.
Also, dangerous levels of 45.ng/m3 were found to be the annual average exposure to Hydrogen Sulphide – a colourless, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, which is produced by decomposition – in people living close to larger landfills.
These were further linked to inhalation exposure to endotoxin, microorganisms, and aerosols from waste collection and landfilling.
For the study, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology, the team evaluated the potential health effects of living near nine different landfills in the Lazio region in Italy and, therefore, being exposed to air pollutants emitted by the waste treatment plants.
The team enrolled 242,409 people in the cohort from 1996 to 2008. At the end of the follow-up period, there were 18,609 deaths.
“The evidence on the health of those living near landfills is still controversial. Most of the published studies only use aggregate health data and do not adjust for social-economic status. We have used a residential cohort approach to attempt to overcome these limitations”, said one of the researchers Francesca Mataloni from the Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service in Rome.
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They say Gulf Coast states face risk, but most other states probably don’t
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And over 700,000 use marijuana, government report says
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Health-care cuts, unemployment linked to more than 260,000 additional deaths, study finds
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New South Carolina Law Bans Abortions After 20 Weeks Two States Sue J&J Over Vaginal Mesh Implants /div
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Bread makers however, said the said chemical was in the book, which FSSAI publishes in which 11,000 ingredients are allowed to be used for food products. (Source: Thinkstock)
Facing allegation about presence of carcinogenic chemcals in their products, a bread manufacturers’ body on Thursday said they will stop using controversial potassium bromate and potasium iodate as additives from tonight.
The All India Bread Manufacturers Association, which represents over 90 organised bread manufacturers such as Harvest Gold and Britannia, has, however, asked food safety regulator (FSSAI) to verify the findings of the CSE report that claimed most of the breads sold in the National Capital contained cancer-causing chemicals.
“FSSAI has already said that use of potassium bromate as an additive will be stopped and a notification will be issued within 6-7 days. Hence, we have decided to stop using potassium bromate and potassium iodate voluntarily,” All India Bread Manufacturers Association President Ramesh Mago told reporters in New Delhi.
CSE’s study on toxins in bread: Time for govt to act?
Ban potassium bromate as food additive, says FSSAIAssocham supports bread manufacturers, calls bread row ‘scare-mongering’ by NGOs5 shocking things you didn’t know about bread
Safety reports in the 90s led to ban on both chemicals in many countriesBreads, pavs, buns and pizza bases contain cancer-causing chemicals, says latest CSE reportHe, however, said proper scientific study must be done on the issue. “We would go to FSSAI and ask them to verify the claims by CSE,” Mago said.
When asked as how much time the industry would take to implement it, he said: “It would come in effect immediately.
It would not be used in the fresh production from tonight.” Harvest Gold MD Adil Hussain and member executive council AIBMA said: “It’s a matter of respecting public opinion. We would use other alternatives such as enzymes and emulsifiers depending on what product we are making.”
He, however, said the said chemical was in the book, which FSSAI publishes in which 11,000 ingredients are allowed to be used for food products.
“It has been there for almost two decades and not a recent occurrence. The industry is very clear that it’s an
additive, which is safe and legally allowed by FSSAI in India and FDA in USA and perfectly safe,” Hussain claimed.
Mago said that after CSE study claiming that bread contains cancer-causing chemicals, sales have been affected.
“We have an impact of around 10 per cent on our sales,” he said adding it would return to normal once the controversial substance is not used.
Lighten up on fat and salt
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Wear gloves, and watch for hazards
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Acupuncture, when performed by an experienced acupuncturist, could reduce the symptoms of menopause like hot flashes. (Photo: Thinkstock)
A team of researchers has found that treatment for six months by a licensed acupuncturist can reduce the number of hot flashes and night sweats associated with menopause.
The findings showed that after six months, women reported an average 36.7 percent decline in the frequency of hot flashes compared to baseline measurements.
“Although acupuncture does not work for every woman, our study showed that on an average, acupuncture effectively reduced the frequency of hot flashes and results were maintained for six months after the treatments stopped”, said Nancy Avis from Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center in the US.
“The study showed that acupuncture from a licensed acupuncturist can help some women without any side effects and the maximum benefit occurred after about eight treatments”, Avis added in the paper published in the journal Menopause.
The team examined 209 women of ages 45 to 60 who did not have a menstrual period for at least three months and on an average had at least four hot flashes or night sweats per day in the last two weeks.
The participants received a baseline assessment and were then randomised to one of two groups.
The first group received acupuncture treatments during the first six months and were then followed without receiving acupuncture for the next six months.
The second group did not receive any acupuncture during the first six months but did receive acupuncture for the next six months.
The participants were allowed up to 20 treatments within six months provided by licensed, experienced acupuncturists in the community.
The results revealed that after a year, the benefits persisted with the group members maintaining an average 29.4 percent reduction from baseline.
The second group reported a six percent increase in symptom frequency during the six months when they were not getting acupuncture, but had similar results – an average 31 percent reduction in frequency – to the first group after receiving acupuncture during the latter part of the trial.
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Those who take artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame, may have worse glucose management than those who don’t take sugar substitutes. (Photo: Thinkstock)
Are you turning to artificial sweeteners or other sugar substitutes to lose weight? Although these sweeteners may help obese individuals reduce and cut calories, they may also have negative health effects, a study warns.
Artificial sweeteners are not digested by the body. However, the recent study suggests that bacteria in the gut may be able to break down artificial sweeteners, resulting in negative health effects.
Currently, there are many new sugar substitutes that are used in foods and beverages and are marketed as ‘sugar-free’ or ‘diet’ including soft drinks, chewing gum, jellies, baked goods, candy, fruit juice, ice cream and yogurt.
“Our study shows that individuals with obesity who consume artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame, may have worse glucose management than those who don’t take sugar substitutes”, said Jennifer Kuk from York University’s school of kinesiology and health science in Canada.
For the study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition and Metabolism, data from 2,856 adults from the ‘Third National Health and Nutrition Survey’ (NHANES III) was used.
Individuals reported their diet over the past 24 hours and were categorised as consumers of artificial sweeteners – aspartame or saccharin, or high or low consumers of natural sugars – sugar or fructose.
The diabetes risk was measured as the ability to manage blood sugars using an oral glucose tolerance test.
The results showed that those who used artificial sweeteners, particularly aspartame, may have worse glucose management than those who don’t take sugar substitutes.
“We didn’t find this adverse effect in those consuming saccharin or natural sugars”, Kuk added.
“We will need to do future studies to determine whether any potentially negative health effects of artificial sweeteners outweigh the benefits for obesity reduction”, Kuk stated.
Further investigation is needed to determine if there are any health effects of using these sweeteners, the researchers noted.
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It is not completely clear why ear infections may be related to bottle feeding, but it could be because bottles can create a negative pressure during feeding. (Photo: Thinkstock)
Feeding at the breast may be healthier than feeding pumped milk from a bottle for reducing the risk of ear infection in babies, says a study.
The researchers also found that feeding breast milk compared with formula may reduce the risk of diarrhoea in the first 12 months of life.
A total of 491 mothers completed surveys as part of the study published in the Journal of Pediatrics.
Mothers who stated their intent to bottle-feed exclusively were not included in the study. In the remaining surveys, three out of four women used some combination of feeding on the breast, pumped milk and formula in the first 12 months of their children’s lives.
The researchers found that one month of feeding at the breast was associated with a four percent reduction in the odds of ear infection.
The risk was 17 percent lower for infants fed at the breast for six months of infancy, the study found.
Among infants who were fed only breast milk – either at the breast and/or pumped breast milk from a bottle – for the first six months, the odds of experiencing an ear infection increased by approximately 14 percent for infants fed pumped milk for one month and by 115 percent for infants fed with pumped milk for six months.
“While it is not completely clear why ear infections may be related to bottle feeding, it could be because bottles can create a negative pressure during feeding”, explained Sarah Keim, Senior Author of the study from The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital in Columbus, US.
“This negative pressure is then transferred from the bottle to the middle ear of the infant during feedings, which may precipitate ear infections”, Keim noted.
Infants fed with breast milk by either mode for six months had an approximately 30 percent reduced risk of diarrhoea.
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Moderate to severe depressive symptoms, regardless of current psychotropic medication treatment, may delay conception. (Source: Thinkstock)
According to a study, severe depressive symptoms can decrease your chances of becoming pregnant.
The study has found that a 38 per cent decrease in the average probability of conception in a given menstrual cycle among women who reported severe depressive symptoms, compared to those with no or low symptoms.
The results were similar, regardless of whether the women were on psychotropic medications.
Despite the associations in prior studies between infertility and the use of antidepressants, anti-psychotics or mood stabilisers among already infertile women, “current use of psychotropic medications did not appear to harm the probability of conception,” said lead author Yael Nillni, an assistant professor at Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine in the US.
“Our findings suggest that moderate to severe depressive symptoms, regardless of current psychotropic medication treatment, may delay conception,” Nillni said.
In addition, the findings were published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Although the study does not answer why women with more depressive symptoms may take longer to become pregnant, the authors noted several potential mechanisms.
For instance, depression has been associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which may influence the menstrual cycle and affect the ability to conceive.
Data for the study came from more than 2,100 female pregnancy planners, ages 21-45 years, enrolled in a study known as PRESTO (Pregnancy Study Online) that is looking at factors influencing fertility.
However, the participants were asked to report their current depressive symptoms and psychotropic medication use, among many other factors.
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