Medicare to Cover End-of-Life Counseling for Older Americans Skippy Peanut Butter Recalled Due to Possible Metal Fragments /div
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Contrary to popular perception, eating ‘everything in moderation’ may actually lead to worse metabolic health (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Contrary to popular perception, eating ‘everything in moderation’ may actually lead to worse metabolic health as compared to eating a smaller number of healthy foods, says a new study.
“‘Eat everything in moderation’ has been a long-standing dietary recommendation, but without much empiric supporting evidence in populations,” said study first author Marcia C de Oliveira Otto, assistant professor at The University of Texas Health Science Centre at Houston, US.
Using data from 6,814 participants, the authors measured diet diversity through different measures.
These included the total count (number of different foods eaten in a week), evenness (the distribution of calories across different foods consumed), and dissimilarity (the differences in food attributes relevant to metabolic health, such as fiber, sodium or trans-fat content).
Researchers evaluated how diet diversity was associated with change in waist circumference five years after the beginning of the study and with onset of Type 2 diabetes 10 years later.
Waist circumference is an important indicator of central fat and metabolic health.
The researchers found that more diversity in the diet was not linked to better outcomes.
Participants who had the greatest food dissimilarity actually experienced more central weight gain, with a 120 percent greater increase in waist circumference than participants with the lowest food dissimilarity.
“An unexpected finding was that participants with greater diversity in their diets, as measured by dissimilarity, actually had worse diet quality. They were eating less healthy foods, such as fruits and vegetables, and more unhealthy foods, such as processed meats, desserts and soda,” Otto said.
“This may help explain the relationship between greater food dissimilarity and increased waist circumference,” Otto explained.
The study was published in the journal PLOS ONE.
Effective new tools are essential for curbing the epidemic – notably to reach the 3 million people each year who do not receive a diagnosis — and informing appropriate treatment.
Tuberculosis or TB remains one of the most deadliest communicable diseases in the world; in 2013, it caused 1.5 million deaths. An estimated 9 million people developed TB that year, of which 4,80,000 cases were resistant to first-line drugs.
Effective new tools are essential for curbing the epidemic – notably to reach the 3 million people each year who do not receive a diagnosis — and informing appropriate treatment.
Now, a new report from Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics (FIND), McGill International TB Centre and UNITAID has presented a snapshot of the TB diagnostics landscape. The report has pointed out that Brazil, China, India and South Africa – which together account for nearly half of all TB cases – offer tremendous opportunities for new diagnostics.
The fourth edition of the report — TB – Diagnostics technology and market landscape — released recently, noted key features of each market. For instance, the vast majority of TB diagnostics in Brazil and South Africa takes place in the public sector, while India has a significant private sector. In China, most people with presumptive TB seek diagnosis in hospitals.
Dr Madhukar Pai, professor of epidemiology at the McGill University, told The Indian Express that a significant volume of TB testing is done in these four countries, where over 88 million tests are performed. China has the highest number of diagnostic tests (44.2 million), India has the second highest (32.8 million) followed by South Africa (9.2 million) and then Brazil (2.4 million).
Although many countries still rely on basic tools such as smear microscopy, new diagnostics is changing the landscape. The report — put together by David Boyle (PATH, Seattle) and Madhukar Pai (McGill University, Montreal), with technical inputs from FIND and UNITAID — reviews current and potential future technologies to improve access to better TB diagnostics. Data for this landscape report was derived from contact with over 100 technology developers working within the TB diagnostics market, ranging from established multinational diagnostic companies to start-ups and academic groups.
The predominant diagnostic test in these countries is sputum smear microscopy. Diagnostics are also necessary to detect latent TB infection (LTBI), which can be treated to prevent progression to active disease.
The report points out that although rapid drug susceptibility tests are available and endorsed by the World Health Organisation, they are still not widely implemented in many low-income countries. This results in detection of less than one in two cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB. Patients often receive MDR TB screening only when they fail to respond to standard first-line TB treatment, or have recurrence of TB; this contributes to morbidity, mortality and continued transmission.
Access to accurate diagnosis is also a major challenge for children with suspected TB, and in people with HIV co-infection, who often present with disseminated or extrapulmonary disease, explained Pai.
Even when patients seek care, and diagnostics is used, lack of a highly sensitive test at the primary care level limits the effectiveness of care.
Without drug susceptibility testing to assess drug resistance, a patient with MDR TB may receive inappropriate treatment – leading to a risk of treatment failure in the individual, and drug resistance in the wider
community.
Researchers call for removing obstacles to breast-feeding in home, community and workplace
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Early risers may struggle, but night owls have an opportunity to reset bedtimes, expert says
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Small study finds gains in employee productivity
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It seems to keep infants happy longer, researchers say
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FDA Targets Stores Selling Tobacco to Minors U.S. Doctor Who Helped Created Modern Paramedic System Dies Herr’s Chips Recalled Due to Gluten-Free Mislabeling
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Health plan premiums are on the rise, and so are penalties for the remaining uninsured
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Researchers looked for risk among women prescribed drugs that include azithromycin
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America Starts Talking campaign designed to teach consumers how to use potent pain meds wisely
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Prescription Accutane can often help and should be tried sooner, experts say
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Researchers find link between childbirth and lower risk of death from cancer or heart disease
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Restaurant chains that advertise on children’s networks exert strong pull on 3- to 7-year-olds
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Suggestions for a healthier holiday
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Here are potential benefits
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Consult your gynaecologist before starting the fast as it may lead to hypertension and gestational diabetes (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Expecting mothers may be in a fix when it comes to observing a Karva Chauth fast — choosing to be without water or food for hours altogether. But for those who are resolute about it, it’s important to do it with some care.
Rhituparna Mitra, head – Content Strategy and Promotion, Babychakra.com, an online platform that connects parents to services and products to ease parenting, has shared tips:
* To begin with, seek the guidance of your gynaecologist before starting the fast as it may lead to hypertension and gestational diabetes. If you are in your first and third trimesters, it may be a little more difficult for you, but you can consider keeping a fast if you are in the second trimester.
In case you are keeping the fast, here’s what you can do:
* A complete no-food, no-water fast is typically not recommended during pregnancy.
* You could start your day with ‘sargi’ and a big glass of milk so that you are not left hungry after the night’s break.
* Your body needs continuous energy so eat fruits and fruit juices every two hours. Hydration is important, so consider coconut water.
* Pregnancy increases your normal eating urges. Since you would have been eating something or the other the entire day during your pregnancy, a diet consisting of just milk and fruits will seem like a fast to your body. If you experience acidity or fatigue at the end of the day, don’t worry, it will get better as you resume your normal diet.
* Avoid high-calorie, fat-rich foods with excess sugar and salt to break your fast to keep problems such as gestational diabetes at bay.
Perseverance, not the plan, predicts success, researchers said
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Researchers note that sense of self-worth is more complicated than appearance alone
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Study found sufferers who stuck with treatments like nasal sprays saw improvements in quality of life
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For data miners, routinely provided patient information yields a bigger picture
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Yervoy can now be used after surgery to reduce risk of deadly skin cancer returning
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Hype irresponsibly raises hopes of desperate patients, experts say
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In years past, rate for whites exceeded that of blacks, but that gap is gone, American Cancer Society says
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Research suggests cholesterol-lowering meds linked to lower levels of influenza antibodies in seniors
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Herpes Virus Infects Two-Thirds of World’s Population: WHO TB Deaths Outnumber Those From HIV/AIDS: WHO /div
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Sanofi’s Auvi-Q injectors may not deliver right amount of life-saving drug
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Study found the more time spent in front of the tube, the greater the risk
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“Women are care-givers and so they generally do not pay much attention to slight temporary changes that occur during their activities,” says expert (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Leading neurologists and stroke specialists here on Thursday urged women to seek immediate medical attention in case of “mini-strokes” as delaying treatment could increase risk of a major stroke.
“Women are care-givers and so they generally do not pay much attention to slight temporary changes that occur during their activities. Mini-strokes or Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) basically means that brain function is disrupted for a short time (less than 24 hours),” said Nabin Sarkar, senior consultant neurologist and stroke specialist at the Apollo Gleneagles Hospitals here.
“It can last for 30 to 90 minutes and many do not even notice the signs such as sudden numbness in arms or slurred speech etc.,” he said.
Sarkar and colleague Shankar Loharuka sounded the alarm bell on the risks associated with mini-strokes.
“One in twelve run the risk of getting a major stroke within 48 hours of TIA and within a week, it increases to ten percent. So instead of taking signs of numbness lightly, women should immediately go to a hospital where stroke management services are available,” they said.
In commemoration of World Stroke Day, the experts emphasised the gender-benders when it comes to stroke and its recovery and severity.
“Chances of recovery is less for women as compared to men and even severity is more for women. They are more likely to die of strokes than a man,” the experts said, adding community awareness and educating women as well as their partners is important.
They suggested the F.A.S.T. system to remember the sudden signs of stroke: face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty and time to call (the doctor or emergency service).
Added air pollution could take a toll, researchers say, but car company refutes the notion
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Even when blood sugar, blood pressure levels dropped too low, doctors didn’t cut back on meds
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Here’s why you need it
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Halloween safety precautions
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In 2014, tuberculosis (TB) killed 1.5 million people, 400,000 of whom were HIV-positive (Source: Thinkstock Images)
In 2014, tuberculosis (TB) killed 1.5 million people, 400,000 of whom were HIV-positive, the World Health Organisation (WHO) said on Wednesday, ranking the disease alongside HIV as a leading killer worldwide.
WHO said in a report that the fight against TB is paying off, however, with this year’s death rate nearly half of what it was in 1990, Xinhua news agency reported.
According to the WHO’s Global Tuberculosis Report 2015, most of the improvement came since 2000, the year the Millennium Development Goals (MDG) were established. In all, effective diagnosis and treatment saved 43 million lives between 2000 and 2015.
Worldwide, TB incidence has fallen 1.5 percent per year since 2000, for a total reduction of 18 percent.
The report highlighted the need to close detection and treatment gaps, fill funding shortfalls, and develop new diagnostics, drugs and vaccines.
Global advances included the achievement of the MDG that called for halting and reversing TB incidence by 2015. The goal was reached globally and in 16 of the 22 high-burden countries that collectively account for 80 percent of cases.
“The report shows that TB control has had a tremendous impact in terms of lives saved and patients cured,” said WHO Director-General Margaret Chan.
“These advances are heartening, but if the world is to end this epidemic, it needs to scale up services and, critically, invest in research,” she added.
“Ending the TB epidemic is now part of the Sustainable Development Goal agenda,” said Eric Goosby, UN Special Envoy on Tuberculosis.
That’s why it’s imperative to eat right, control blood pressure and cholesterol, quit smoking, doctors say
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Older women who thought their memory was worse than average had greater risk of problems, study found
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Interviews confirm desire for cheaper, more plentiful substitute
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In small study, olaparib targeted gene mutation in men who had failed other therapy, researchers report
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Lifestyle habits such as smoking greatly up the odds for heart disease, cancer and COPD, study finds
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In early trial, genetically engineered cold sore virus was injected into tumors, caused them to rupture and die
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Almost 4 percent of all adult Americans use them, new survey shows
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Greater risk of dying or disability seen among divorced, separated, widowed
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Study found those less experienced with illegal drugs were more likely to abuse narcotics later
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Simple test of cervix length would help, researchers say
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Three-Quarters of Americans Say Drug Affordability is Top Health Priority Experts Condemn Gwyneth Paltrow for Blog Post About Bra-Breast Cancer Myth /div
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Here are common causes
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Don’t use weather as an excuse not to work out
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Is your shampoo putting you at risk of breast cancer? (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Even at low levels, a class of preservatives widely-used in consumer products like shampoos, cosmetics, body lotions, and sunscreens can contribute to development of breast cancer, suggests new research.
The estrogen-mimicking chemicals called parabens also have implications for other diseases that are influenced by estrogens, the study noted.
These chemicals are considered estrogenic because they activate the same estrogen receptor as the natural hormone estradiol.
Studies have linked exposure to estradiol and related estrogens with an increased risk of breast cancer, as well as reproductive problems.
As a result, the use of parabens in consumer products increasingly has become a public health concern.
“Although parabens are known to mimic the growth effects of estrogens on breast cancer cells, some consider their effect too weak to cause harm,” said lead investigator Dale Leitman, a gynecologist and molecular biologist at University California, Berkeley in the US.
“But this might not be true when parabens are combined with other agents that regulate cell growth,” Leitman noted.
However, existing chemical safety tests, which measure the effects of chemicals on human cells, look only at parabens in isolation and fail to take into account that parabens could interact with other types of signaling molecules in the cells to increase breast cancer risk.
To better reflect what goes on in real life, the researchers looked at breast cancer cells expressing two types of receptors: estrogen receptors and HER2, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.
The study demonstrated that parabens may be more potent at lower doses than previous studies have suggested, which may spur scientists and regulators to rethink the potential impacts of parabens on the development of breast cancer.
The findings were published online in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives.
[youtube http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QXqG7vY45Hk&w=560&h=315]
Study found reassuring voice might even beat anti-anxiety meds in lowering pre-op distress
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Small Australian trial suggests it could boost social skills; larger U.S. trials are planned, expert says
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European study found odds for the disease rose along with daily consumption
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New song can help people recall symptoms and act quickly if one occurs, experts say
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Not using cholesterol-lowering drugs may boost risk of death during recovery from non-cardiac operations
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Women who keep produce on their kitchen counters weigh about 13 pounds less than those who don’t, study finds
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Prevention key to continued progress in fighting cancer, heart disease and diabetes, researchers say
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Though calories remained same, obese children saw better blood pressure, cholesterol, blood sugar levels
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Heart Surgery Device Caused Patient Infections: Hospital Feminine Hygiene Product Makers Disclose Ingredients/div
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But studies weren’t designed to prove proton pump inhibitors are responsible for the increase
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Expert offers tips for getting your ghosts and goblins safely through the holiday
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Certain milk duct tumors more likely to become invasive at 60 than 50, experts say
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From glasses to contact lenses, suggestions to improve vision
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Higher score means greater effect on blood sugar
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Group advises testing overweight, obese people aged 40 to 70 for abnormal blood sugar
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Costs are about $100,000 more over 5 years, study shows
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Stroke patients who smoked marijuana also tended to be younger than those who didn’t, study finds
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Researchers also found that troubling blood pressure readings increased odds of an accident
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Women see greater increase in levels of this ‘male’ hormone in competitive situations
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Meanwhile, red meat only shows some association with an increased risk for colon cancer, expert panel says
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Sweet-tasting additives have widespread appeal, expose teens to nicotine
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Over 3 years, more than 90 percent of North Carolina parents of newborns participated
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And regulate e-cigarettes the same way as other tobacco products, doctors add
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Warming up and drinking water can help
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Suggestions for healthier skin on a budget
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Study finds an individual’s earnings may drop by 40 percent in the years following diagnosis
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New policy statement urges proper training, supervision to avoid injuries among young players
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Natural disasters, diseases and excess heat threaten children’s health, says American Academy of Pediatrics
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This leaves them vulnerable to sexually transmitted virus, cancer
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Curry Chicken Salad Products Recalled by Whole Foods Market Autism May be Overdiagnosed In U.S./div
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Study eases concerns about the use of the anesthetic in non-cardiac procedures
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And 80 percent of the mistakes were preventable, researchers report
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The Top 20 list of addictive food includes chocolate, ice cream, French fries, pizza, cookies, cheese, bacon, pretzels, fried chicken, soda and cake. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Chocolate and pizza are the most addictive foods, according to a new study that found that these highly processed foods are closely linked to eating disorders or behaviours that mimic addiction.
A research team from the University of Michigan and Columbia University’s New York Obesity Research Centre looked into common addictive foods. The team analysed 35 different foods items and surveyed 120 undergraduates at the University of Michigan and around 400 adults. The team used the Yale Food Addiction Scale, developed by psychologist and lead author of the study Ashley Gearhardt, to assess food addiction risk.
Chocolate topped the list of foods that are most addictive. It was followed by favorites such as ice cream, French fries, pizza and cookies, ‘Tech Times’ reported. Cheese, bacon, pretzels, fried chicken, soda and cake also made it to the Top 20 list. Processed foods have higher levels of glycemic load and fat compared to the non-processed ones.
Researchers found that processed foods are closely associated with eating disorders or behaviours that mimic addiction. “Processing appears to be an essential distinguishing factor for whether a food is associated with behavioural indicators of addictive-like eating,” the researchers said.”Highly processed foods are altered to be particularly rewarding through the addition of fats and/or refined carbohydrates (like white flour and sugar),” said researchers. For instance, poppy is not addictive until it is processed into a refined state (opium). Grapes are not as addictive until turned into wine.
Symptoms of food addiction include loss of control when it comes to quantity intake, inability to stop or cut down intake despite the presence of strong desire and continued use regardless of existing negative effects.
Researchers also found there is an increased activity in parts of the brain related to the reward system when given food cues. This increased activation in the same region is present in patients with substance-abuse illnesses. The study was published in the US National Library of Medicine.
Review finds little danger for low-risk patients
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By M R Gandhi & Team
For several years now, iodine has been a standard ingredient in common salt that we use in India. The presence of iodine has almost eradicated the goitre disease that occurred because of iodine deficiency.
Our team at the CSMCRI has often been asked whether common salt can be fortified with iron as well. Iron deficiency is a common problem in India. Women, especially during pregnancies, need a good dose of iron, which cannot be supplied by a normal diet.
About couple of years ago, we made attempts to add iron supplements to salt. While the process might seem to be a straightforward case of adding a chemical into salt, but that is not the case. When we tried to add iron, we found that the iodine in the salt got destabilised. Iodine is present in salt in the form of Potassium iodate (KIO3). When we tried to add iron, in the form of Ferrous fumarate or Ferrous sulphate (FeSO4), the two compounds reacted to produce another set of compounds that produced a very pungent smell. In addition, while Ferrous fumarate is dark in colour, Ferrous sulphate is greenish. This resulted in a change in colour of the salt.
We had to find a way to prevent the iron and iodine compound from reacting with each other. To tackle this problem we decided to use Magnesium hydroxide Mg(OH)2 molecules. The Magnesium hydroxide has lattice-like structure which traps other molecules and acts like a cage. We decided to use this method for iron and iodine compounds.
In our experiments, we saw that the IO3- ion indeed was getting trapped inside the matrix consisting of layers of Mg(OH)2 molecules. Even the iron, Fe3+++, ion was getting trapped. We, therefore, produced two Magnesium hydroxide matrices, one comprising iodate ions and the other having ferric ions. When the common salt was fortified in this form, the iron and iodate ions don’t come in contact with each other. This method imparted ultra fine stability to the constituents.
The resulting double-fortified salt has cleared animal trials. For this, three sets of mice were starved of iron because of which the haemoglobin in their blood dropped. Then one set of mice were given normal salt, that is available in the markets, and the other set was given the salt which had iron and iodine in the Magnesium hydroxide matrix, and the third set was given iron and iodine salt, without the Magnesium hydroxide matrix.The results showed that the maximum improvement in the haemoglobin levels happened in the mice that were given iodine and iron through the Magnesium hydroxide matrix.
We believe that salt fortification does not need human trials, but we have done that as well. Two trials on batches of 10 candidates each have been carried out and the toxicity results have been normal. Another round of human trials is currently on.
Meanwhile, our laboratory has tied up with the district administration of Bhavnagar to include this salt in the mid-day meal programme.
For your research to be considered for this column, please write to Senior Editor Amitabh Sinha at
amitabh.sinha@expressindia.com
Brain injury rate twice as high in seasons where tackling wasn’t limited during practices
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Study found 1 in 10 dealt with anaphylaxis case in 2013, 22 percent were kids with no known allergies
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Studies have shown that people who eat a lot of red meat tend to eat fewer plant-based foods that protect against cancer. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Bacon, ham and sausages have the same cancer risk as cigarettes, according to a report by the World Health Organisation (WHO), set to be published on Monday, a media report said.
WHO is expected to list processed meat as a carcinogenic substance, while fresh red meat is also expected to join the encyclopaedia of carcinogens’ and is likely to be regarded as bad for health, the Daily Mail reported on Friday citing “a well-placed source”.
The classifications, by the WHO’s International Agency for Research on Cancer, are believed to regard processed meat as “carcinogenic to humans”, the highest of five possible rankings, shared with alcohol, asbestos, arsenic and cigarettes, the daily added.
Studies have shown that people who eat a lot of red meat tend to eat fewer plant-based foods that protect against cancer.
The WHO report follows a meeting of scientists from 10 countries who reviewed all available evidence.
Processed meat is made by smoking, curing, salting, or adding chemicals. Examples include ham, bacon, pastrami and salami, as well as hot dogs and some sausages. Burgers are also expected to be included in the WHO list of carcinogens.
Chocolate consumption increases the release of serotonin and endorphins into the body, which together produce a relaxing and euphoric feeling.
The link between food and mood is not new. People have associated eating certain foods with a person’s mood. This has been long established, even in Ayurveda. Research over the last two decades has brought a deepened understanding of brain chemistry together with effects of food on behaviour and mental health.
Certain constituents of food alter the neuro-chemical messengers called the neurotransmitters, which help in brain functioning and carrying signals between nerve cells. The three main neurotransmitters which have been commonly associated with food include dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. These neurotransmitters are produced in the brain from certain components of food.
While dopamine and norepinephrine are associated with alertness, serotonin has a calming, relaxing and a feel-good effect. Another set of ‘feel-good’ neurotransmitters are endorphins. These positively influence mood and appetite, decrease pain sensitivity and stress. Endorphins are released during starvation and prolonged exercise.
Changes in the levels of these neurotransmitters leads to alteration of moods and state of mind. Foods high in carbohydrates increase the production of tryptophan, a precursor of serotonin. This explains why often people crave for carbohydrate foods like sweets, breads, rice and pasta and seek these as comfort and calming foods. Interestingly, it also explains the drowsiness that sets in after eating a carbohydrate rich meal. In fact, the effect goes beyond calming. It has been suggested that serotonin has a role to play in appetite control and may inhibit eating. Scientific human and animal studies have shown that serotonin reduced caloric intake by reducing hunger and increasing satiety.
Chocolate consumption increases the release of serotonin and endorphins into the body, which together produce a relaxing and euphoric feeling. Another reason why chocolates help in elevating mood is its fat and phenyl-ethylamine content. Fat and phenylethylamine are associated with endorphin release and as mentioned sugars improve the serotonin secretion, so It’s not surprising, why many crave chocolates when feeling depressed. Other factors in food that affect mood include blood sugar levels, nutrient deficiencies, toxic heavy metals and food sensitivities. A drop in blood sugar (hypoglycaemia) can cause irritability, depression, fatigue and moodiness.
Severe chronic deficiencies of vitamin B6, B12, folic acid, thiamine, niacin, vitamin C and magnesium can cause irritability, mood swings, depression, dementia or schizophrenia. Deficiencies of micronutrients including iron, copper, zinc and antioxidants impair neurotransmitter synthesis. Researchers have found that inadequate levels of magnesium in the body can result in damage to the brain’s nerve cells leading to depression and mood disorders. Evidence is accumulating that food intolerance and food sensitivities like gluten and milk protein can trigger mood swings, anxiety, fatigue and even schizophrenia.
Author is a clinical nutritionist and founder of http://ift.tt/1nxugLI and Whole Foods India
Cautionary label will be added to Viekira Pak and Technivie, agency says
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Serious eye injuries, organ damage can occur, researchers warn
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Selective mutism, a relatively rare condition, flies quietly under the radar, experts say
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Pediatricians must do more for these children, researcher says
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Two-thirds of clerks recommend muscle-building aid not OK’d for use before age 18
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‘Therapy dogs’ appear to help ease heart rate, anxiety in children fighting the disease
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Woman Who Can Sniff Out Parkinson’s Spurs More Research Nurse Sues New Jersey Officials Over Ebola Quarantine Company Says it Can Produce $1 Version of Contr
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American Academy of Pediatrics statement says all kids should be screened for signs of malnutrition
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Take a series of small steps
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A child should never fear confiding in you
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Prior research suggesting that excess weight may offer protection called flawed
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They showed less activity in cells used for spatial navigation, researchers report
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Peer pressure isn’t the only reason why, experts say
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Problems include longer waits, greater need for more care after surgery, and higher costs
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Study findings might explain different behaviors seen in genders, experts say
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DNA evidence suggests deadly germ was around 4,800 years ago
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Being sedentary for too long during the day may be a risk factor for chronic kidney disease, scientists, including one of Indian-origin, have found.
Sedentary behaviour (engaging in activities in the seated or lying position that barely raise the energy expenditure above resting level) is commonly confused with physical inactivity (lack of moderate/vigorous physical activity).
Sedentary behaviour is an important risk factor for diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, but it’s unclear whether it also increases the risk of chronic kidney disease.
Srini Beddhu from University of Utah School of Medicine, along with Dominique Ferranti and their colleagues examined this topic in 5,873 adults in whom the intensity and duration of physical activities were measured.
The researchers found that each 80 minutes/day (assuming 16 awake hours/day) increase in sedentary duration was associated with a 20 per cent increased likelihood of chronic kidney disease.This association was independent of moderate/vigorous physical activity duration, demographics, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, lung disease and mobility limitations.
Moreover, this association persisted even after adjusting for type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
“Sedentary behaviour, which is not mere lack of moderate/vigorous physical activity, is likely an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease,” said Beddhu.
It needs to be tested whether sedentary behaviour affects the progression of chronic kidney disease, and thereby, increases the risk of end stage renal disease. “Hence, interventions targeting sedentary behaviour to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease need to be conducted,” Beddhu said.
The study will be presented at American Society of Nephrology (ASN) Kidney Week 2015 next month at the San Diego Convention Center in San Diego.
Nonsurgical treatment brings fewer complications and shorter recovery time, researchers say
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Sesame Street Debuts New Character With Autism Gene Test Company 23andMe to Resume Giving Health Data to Consumers /div
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Picture used for representational purposes.
Botox — known for reducing facial wrinkles — may also prevent irregular heart rhythms when injected into fat surrounding the heart after bypass surgery, suggests a study.
Botulinum toxin is produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria. When a small amount of Botox is injected into a muscle, it blocks nerve signals that tell muscles to contract, said senior study author Jonathan S. Steinberg, adjunct professor of medicine at the University of Rochester.
Atrial fibrillation (also called AFib or AF) is a quivering or irregular heartbeat that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications.
“About a third of all patients undergoing bypass surgery will develop atrial fibrillation, putting them at higher risk for cardiovascular complications,” said Steinberg, who is also director of the Arrhythmia Institute in the Valley Health System in Ridgewood, New Jersey.
“Atrial fibrillation is also associated with lengthened hospitalisation and that means increased healthcare costs,” he added.
In two Russian hospitals, researchers randomly assigned 60 patients to receive Botox or saline injections. In 30 days after surgery, those who received Botox injections during heart bypass surgery had a seven percent chance of developing AF, compared to 30 percent chance in patients who received saline.
One year after surgery, none of the patients who received Botox had AF, compared to 27 percent of the patients who received saline.
No complications from the Botox injections were reported. But complications from the bypass surgery were similar in both groups.
The study results were published in American Heart Association Journal Circulation: Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology.
Bleach can help do the job
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Smoke, chemicals and vehicle exhaust are common sources
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New initiative involves government, medical groups, media, drug store chains and more
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Study found awareness of thoughts and feelings was linked to lower risk for obesity
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Risks include kidney damage, stroke and even death, researchers note
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Noninvasive transcranial therapy had effect on arm movements, researchers say
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But some experts say some of the increase may just be more people telling the truth
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First coagulation therapy sanctioned for Factor X deficiency
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‘Superbug’-Stricken NFL Player Daniel Fells Released From Hospital Oprah Winfrey Buys 10 Percent of Weight Watchers /div
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Doctors at several leading U.S. cancer hospitals say most women should get exams starting at 40, not 45
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Long-term exposure to low-level radiation is likely cause, researchers say
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Clinical trial halted early because the treatment was effective
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For starters, use less energy at home
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Parents should set guidelines
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Scientists found that the count of moles on the right arm was most predictive of the total number on the whole body. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
If you are a woman and have more than 11 moles on your right arm, check if you have over 100 such moles all over the body as the high mole presence can predict a higher risk of developing a deadly skin cancer.
Scientists found that the count of moles on the right arm was most predictive of the total number on the whole body.
Females with more than seven moles on their right arm had nine times the risk of having more than 50 on the whole body.
Those with more than 11 on their right arm were more likely to have over 100 on their body in total, meaning they were at a higher risk of developing melanoma, the researchers noted.
“This study follows on from previous work to identify the best proxy site for measuring the number of moles on the body as a whole,” said lead author Simone Ribero from King’s College London in a university statement.
The new method can be used by doctors to quickly determine the number of moles on the entire body by counting the number found on a smaller “proxy” body area such as an arm.
Naevus (mole) count is one of the most important markers of risk for skin cancer despite only 20 to 40 percent of melanoma arising from pre-existing moles.
The risk is thought to increase by two to four percent per additional mole on the body, but counting the total number on the entire body can be time consuming in a primary care setting.
The researchers used data from 3594 female Caucasian twins between January 1995 and December 2003.
Twins underwent a skin examination including recording skin type, hair and eye colour and freckles as well as mole count on 17 body sites performed by trained nurses.
Scientists found that the count of moles on the right arm was most predictive of the total number on the whole body.
Scientists also found that the area above the right elbow was particularly predictive of the total body count of moles.
The legs were also strongly associated with the total count as well as the back area in males.
These findings could help general physicians to easily identify those at the highest risk of developing a melanoma.
Those who are aware of each and every moment of their life have less fat around their belly than those who do not pay attention to the present, new research shows. (Source: Thinkstock Images)
Those who are aware of each and every moment of their life have less fat around their belly than those who do not pay attention to the present, new research shows.
The study of nearly 400 people found that those who exhibited more “dispositional mindfulness” were less likely to be obese.
Dispositional or everyday mindfulness is not the same as mindfulness meditation in which people make a conscious, focused practice of attending to their current state and sensations.
Instead, it is more of an inherent personality trait though it can also be taught.
“This is everyday mindfulness. The majority of these people are not meditating,” said lead author Eric Loucks, assistant professor of epidemiology in Brown University.
Loucks and the team observed how 394 people in the New England Family Study (NEFS) scored on the six-point Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS).
Participants rated their agreement with 15 questions such as “I find it difficult to stay focused on what is happening in the present” and “I could be experiencing some emotion and not be conscious of it until some time later.”
The researchers also measured the amount of belly and hip fat each person had.
They also gathered measurements of body mass index (BMI) and other data on each participant’s health, lifestyle and demographics.
The analysis found that people with scores below four were 34 percent more likely to be obese than people with a score of six.
Meanwhile, people with the lower scores had, on average, a bit more than a pound of belly fat (448 grams) than people with the high score.
People are evolutionarily predisposed to stock up on calories when they are available and to rest when they get the chance.
Mindfulness can help people overcome cravings and eat a healthier diet.
Similarly, it may help people override an aversion to initiating exercise.
“That’s where the mindfulness may come in. Being aware of each and every moment and how that’s related to what we do and how we feel,” Loucks noted.
“Awareness seems to be enough to have a small to medium effect. Then there is the question of what could we do to increase it,” the authors noted.
The study was published in the International Journal of Behavioural Medicine.
Study cites problems with availability, affordability
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Storage duration didn’t influence complications, death rate
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Pregnancy, live birth rates from older and younger women appear comparable
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Tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis combo shot did not appear to raise risk, even if woman had prior tetanus shot
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High-dose therapy showed same survival rates as longer course of standard radiation
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Rates of asthma attacks lower in specially designed buildings
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But researchers stress the risk is still very low when women have pre-eclampsia
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Previous recommendation was 40; new guidelines place greater emphasis on approach of menopause
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Researchers recommend primary care doctors look for 11 or more
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Treatments may need to be gender-specific, study suggests
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Underage drinkers’ preferences shaped by TV and magazine advertising, study finds
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People who fear being judged might avoid preventive services, study says
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Talk Therapy Highly Effective in Treating Schizophrenia: Study NY Giant Daniel Fells Shows Progress Against ‘Superbug’ Infection /div
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It may not be appropriate
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Find out what’s behind the reaction
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In both sexes, the heart chamber, the left ventricle — which fills with blood and then forces it out — gets smaller with time, found the study
In men the heart muscle that encircles the main heart chamber grows bigger and thicker with age, while in women, it retains its size or gets somewhat smaller, reveals a new study of the ageing hearts of nearly 3,000 adults.
In both sexes, the heart chamber, the left ventricle — which fills with blood and then forces it out — gets smaller with time, found the study, which analysed MRI scans of the hearts of nearly 3,000 adults.
As a result, less blood enters the heart and less gets pumped out to the rest of the body.
Results of the research, led by Johns Hopkins University scientists, do not explain exactly what causes the sex-based differences but they may shed light on different forms of heart failure seen in men and women that may require the development of gender-specific treatments, the scientists said.
“Our results are a demonstration of the concept that heart disease may have different pathophysiology in men and women, and of the need for tailored treatments that address such important biologic differences,” said senior study author professor Joao Lima from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine.
Previous studies have assessed heart changes over time using ultrasound, but, the researchers said, MRI scans tend to provide more detailed images — and more reliable information — about the structure and function of the heart muscle.
“Thicker heart muscle and smaller heart chamber volume portend heightened risk of age-related heart failure but the gender variations we observed mean men and women may develop the disease for different reasons,” said lead investigator John Eng.
A condition that affects more than five million Americans, heart failure, is marked by the gradual “floppiness” and weakening of the heart muscle and eventual loss of pumping ability.
The study was published online in the journal Radiology.
Study says until 4 months of age, infants can’t really place origin of tickle
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Adult traits may not be preordained by place in the family heirarchy, researchers say
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Child’s weight influenced by environments in ‘womb and living room,’ expert says
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Research suggests these products won’t cut risk of disease spread or death
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Although exercise is a well-known stimulus for new bone formation, it has remained unclear how muscle “talks” to bone despite their close proximity. An Indian-origin scientist and his team have now figured out how this process takes shape.
Dr Mone Zaidi from Mount Sinai Hospital in New York and researchers from Universities of Ancona and Bari in Italy discovered that a newly-found molecule produced by skeletal muscle in response to exercise has been shown to increase bone mass.
“It establishes for the first time a molecule released from muscle during exercise can act directly on long bones to increase their strength. These are the bones utilised during exercise and also the ones most likely to break,” explained Zaidi, professor of medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.
In the experiment, young male mice were injected with irisin, a recently identified signalling protein molecule.
In the injected mice, researchers saw significant increases in bone mass and strength, specifically cortical bone, which is a dense and compact type of bone tissue that constitutes about 80 per cent of skeletal weight.
The study suggests irisin is fundamental to muscle-bone communication and likely translates the well-known skeletal anabolic action of exercise by directly stimulating new bone synthesis by osteoblasts.
Decreases in the level of physical activity, for example in former athletes, can lead to progressive loss of bone and increase fracture risk.
Disuse, or the weightlessness of space, can cause acute, rapid, and severe bone loss.
For example, it is known astronauts lose bone mass 10 times faster than women in early menopause and patients in a vegetative state or with spinal cord injuries display a high risk of fragility fractures.
“Identifying irisin could lead to the development of future therapies for sarcopenia, the gradual loss of muscle mass seen as one gets older, and osteoporosis,” the authors emphasised.
“Understanding this molecular connection between muscle and bone gives us hope for treating age-related bone and muscle loss at the same time, with the same agent,” Dr Zaidi pointed out.
Dr Zaidi did his graduation from the King George’s Medical College (KGMC) in Lucknow in 1983.
Currently, he is affiliated with Mount Sinai Beth Israel, Mount Sinai St Lukes Hospital and New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai.
The paper was published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS).
Youngsters face greater health risks from terrorist attacks, accidents and outbreaks
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Doctors shouldn’t automatically rule out less invasive surgery plus radiation
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Researchers say they now know of 31 gene variants linked to the skin condition
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As great a threat as antibiotic-resistant infections, doctors contend
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